Proteome Analysis of Mutant Drought Tolerant Iranian Rice Using 2D Gel Electrophoresis

Major regions of rice cultivation in Iran and Asia are affected by drought stress, especially at the end of the flowering stage. Therefore, it is inevitable to develop efficient crops by water utilization. The technique of proteome analysis by 2D-gel electrophoresis is useful to monitor comprehensive changes that occur in the protein relative abundance of tissues and organisms under stresses. Phenotypic analysis of mutant rice plants under drought stress was performed on standard evaluation systems of International Rice Research Institute. Protein extraction was done from studied samples in different times (control, fourteen days of stress, one day after rehydration, seven days after rehydration). Then, proteome analysis of the samples was performed by 2D electrophoresis. Molecular analysis of protein spots available in gel profiles of selective plants was done using Melanie software version 6.2. Inter class analysis of the samples indicated that protein relative abundance of 83, 88, 92, 118 and 180 spots in tolerant sample T1, seven days after rehydration was significantly increased than other samples. Moreover, inter class analysis represented that relative abundance of 7 and 8 spots in tolerant sample T3a, fourteen days after drought stress was more than 2-fold to other tolerant samples T1 and T3b, respectively. However, inter class analysis of tolerant sample T1, seven days after rehydration with tolerant samples T3a, fourteen days after drought stress and T3b, one day after rehydration and 4R, control condition sample, wild type sample B7, seven days after rehydration and sensitive sample S2, seven days after rehydration indicated that protein relative abundance of 88, 92, 118, 180 and 83 spots was significant statistically at 1% and 5% levels in student t-test, respectively. In conclusion, after proteome analysis of studied plants, twenty protein spots with No. 29, 30, 72, 91, 97, 107, 108, 112, 114, 132, 137, 143, 305, 311, 313, 345, 352, 366, 401, 405 and 466 were detected as candidate spots linked to drought tolerance.