A study on the nonlinear relationship between market, subsidy, and income of photovoltaic enterprises based on chaos theory

With the annual promotion of the international “dual carbon” goals, countries attach great importance to the development and innovation of clean energy. The United States, Japan, and China have all created many policies for the research and market development of photovoltaic energy. This article incorporates market dynamic regulation capability into a two-dimensional system of government subsidy policies and photovoltaic revenue, constructs a three-dimensional dynamic nonlinear model based on market dynamic regulation capability, government subsidies, and enterprise revenue, and numerically simulates and analyzes the impact of parameter and initial value changes in the equation on enterprise revenue. The market dynamic regulation capability is obtained from Chaotic attractors and dynamic evolution graphs of the nonlinear evolution between government subsidies and corporate profits in different scenarios. Research has shown that: (1) Rapidly improving the dynamic regulation ability of the market cannot continuously increase the revenue of the photovoltaic industry; (2) The changes in market dynamics affect the dependence of enterprises on government subsidies; (3) The demand for government subsidies by enterprises gradually decreases with the increase of their own profits.