Role of Thoracic Spinal Anesthesia in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Literature Review

The efficacy of thoracic spinal anesthesia (TSA) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been investigated through various studies focusing on patient satisfaction, pain management, and safety. In comparison to general anesthesia, Thoracic spinal anesthesia (TSA) in laparoscopic cholecystectomy was associated with shorter discharge times and greater patient satisfaction compared to general anesthesia. However, it should be noted that surgeon satisfaction was higher with general anesthesia. TSA demonstrated superior postoperative analgesia and hemodynamic stability compared to lumbar spinal anesthesia, making it a safe and effective alternative for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in healthy patients. Additionally, segmental thoracic spinal anesthesia was found to be associated with a lower incidence of postoperative pneumonia and atelectasis, making it a preferable choice for patients with respiratory comorbidities. Overall, thoracic spinal anesthesia showed promising outcomes, manageable intraoperative complications, and high patient satisfaction rates, making it a feasible regional anesthesia technique for laparoscopic cholecystectomy.