Development and Investigation of Antimicrobial Ointment Containing Eupatorium glandulosum Hort. Ex Kunth

This chapter highlights to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of an ointment prepared from alcohol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform extracts of Eupatorium glandulosum Hort. ex Kunth (E. glandulosum). The rapid emergence of resistant bacteria is occurring worldwide, endangering the efficacy of antibiotics, which have transformed medicine and saved millions of lives. The dried plant materials of E. glandulosum were individually extracted using alcohol, ethyl acetate, and chloroform by Soxhlet method. These three different types of extracts were used for the preparation of ointment and evaluated for the phytochemicals, pH, homogeneity, spreadability, tube extrudability, stability, and antimicrobial activity. Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis were used to test the manufactured ointments' efficacy, and cup-plate techniques were used to test the in vitro antibacterial activity of ointments made from plant extracts. Comparing the results of the samples' zones of inhibition allowed researchers to assess an ointment's antibacterial efficiency. The antimicrobial activity of optimized formulation showed significant activity against the tested bacterial pathogens. The findings of the study suggest that these improved preparations of various E. glandulosum solvent extracts are potent antibacterial formulations and may be helpful in similar circumstances. The researchers need seclusion in order to identify prospective activities.