BIOTECHNOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES-DNA BARCODING, RNAI, SIT, AND BIOPESTICIDES IN INSECT PEST MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE DURING 21ST CENTURY

Biotechnology is based on the understanding of DNA and thus helps in the manipulation of genes through genetic engineering with molecular markers and tissue culture. Recently, Biotechnology not only provides new varieties of crops (agriculture biotechnology) but has also played an important role in insect pest management with Integrated Pest Management (IPM). IPM is an environment-friendly approach that focuses on keeping the pest population at below economic threshold levels by employing all available alternate pest control methods and techniques such as cultural, mechanical, and biological(habitat manipulation) with emphasis on the use of bio-pesticides and pesticides from the plant (By Ministry of Agriculture and farmers welfare, India). Biotechnological techniques integrated with entomology include -DNA barcoding play important role in molecular taxonomy through recombinant DNA technology, RNAi gene regulatory process, Insect-resistant crop varieties, sterile insect technique, and biopesticides formulation which dynamically control the insect pest population.