Evaluation of the endoscopic findings in patients with dyspepsia

Introduction: Dyspepsia involves at least one of the cases of belly dysfunction after meals, early onset satiety when a person eats a normal meal, and epigastric pain or burning sensation. The aim of this study was to investigate endoscopic and pathological findings in patients referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia, Iran. Methods: One hundred patients who complained of two different types of dyspepsia enrolled and findings were recorded during the endoscopy. Also specimens were taken from all patients during endoscopy and sent to the lab for pathological examination. Pathologic findings of all patients were recorded from Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonies. Results: 60 patients were women (60%) and 40 were men (40%). 67% of patients had pain type dyspepsia and 33% of them had postprandial distress type. There was no significant relationship between gender and type of dyspepsia. Endoscopy findings consisted of 54% antral gastritis, 20% peptic ulcer, 43% esophagitis (mostly includes grade A), 5% hiatal hernia, 5% gastric metaplasia, 15% prepyloric ulcer, 18% duodenal ulcer, 38% positive for H. pylori, and 1% Barrett's esophagus disease which had no significant relationship with dyspepsia. Pathologic study findings showed 38% of patients had H. pylori infection with a significant higher incidence in patients with pain type dyspepsia. Conclusion: According to this study, the incidence of any endoscopic findings in patients with two different types of dyspepsia was not significantly different, but the rate of H. pylori infection in patients with pain type dyspepsia was much more than the postprandial type.