Colony Collapse Disorder of Honey Bee: A Neoteric Ruction in Global Apiculture

For last few years, honey bee disappearance by the destruction of the entire colony attracted the attention of many researchers where they used the term colony collapse disorder (CCD), but, they failed to explain the exact reason of this phenomenon. Many schools of thoughts are there where several causes like Varroa mite, honey bee tracheal mite, fungal pathogen Nosema, neonicotinoid group of pesticides, Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus, migratory bee keeping, genetic factors, and parasitic phorid fly etc. play the key role either singly or in combinations. Investigations are solely needed to pin down a causal relationship among CCD and aforesaid factors those hitherto been considered the case. The study was undertaken to make a detailed idea on CCD, its impact, probable causes, economic importance, controversy etc. by assembling the inferences of a number of global researchers.