Application of Artificial Neural Networks in Soil Science Research

Artificial Neural Networks utilize high-performance computation and large data technology, allowing research to generate new prospects in agriculture. ANN is currently a preferred technique for crop yield prediction, forecasting, and classification in biological science domains. Among different agriculture fields, soil science research plays a vital role in understanding and managing the complex processes occurring within the soil environment as oil is a complex system with dynamic surface layers that differ from the other parts of the matrix. Due to the increasing accessibility of innovative computing techniques, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have developed into useful tools for modeling and forecasting soil-related activities. The numerous applications of ANNs in soil science research, with a focus on how well they can classify soils, assess soil fertility, forecast soil erosion, and estimate soil moisture. They are vital tools for identifying soil types, evaluating fertility levels, predicting erosion, and soil moisture estimation. ANN models were effective at predicting soil characteristics like pH, organic carbon concentration, and clay content. By training on vast datasets that contain the chemical, biological, and physical properties of soil, ANNs are able to accurately predict different soil types and enable land-use planning, precision farming, and environmental management. This mini-review focuses on ANN approaches that possess the potential to increase our understanding of soil science and encourage informed decisions for soil management and conservation.